Nickel alloy yog cov hlau uas feem ntau yog ua los ntawm npib tsib xee, tab sis kuj muaj lwm yam xws li chromium, tooj liab, hlau, titanium, thiab molybdenum. Txhua qhov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov ntsiab lus no muaj cov khoom tshwj xeeb uas ua rau nws tsim nyog rau kev siv sib txawv.
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Dab tsi yog Nickel Alloys Ua los ntawm?
Nickel alloys feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm ntau yam hlau thiab npib tsib xee. Txawm hais tias tsis yog tag nrho cov hlau tuaj yeem ua ke zoo nrog npib tsib xee. Qee cov ntsiab lus ntau tshaj plaws uas tuaj yeem sib xyaw nrog npib tsib xee yog hlau (Fe), chromium (Cr), aluminium (Al), molybdenum (Mo), tooj liab (Cu), cobalt (Co), thiab titanium (Ti). Cov ntsiab lus no tuaj yeem ua ke los tsim cov alloys nrog cov khoom sib txawv. Piv txwv li, npib tsib xee, hlau, molybdenum, thiab chromium alloys, xws li stainless hlau hom 316, muaj corrosion kuj zoo heev.
Nickel alloys yog tsim nrog tib txheej txheem siv rau feem ntau lwm cov hlau alloys. Cov ntsiab lus alloying yuav tsum raug xaiv thiab lawv qhov sib piv yuav tsum tau lees paub. Tom ntej no, cov ntsiab lus yog tag nrho melted ua ke nyob rau hauv ib tug arc rauv, piv txwv li. Thaum smelting, cov alloys kuj purified. Cov nickel alloy yog ces cam khwb cia rau hauv ingots tom qab uas nws yog tsim siv txias los yog kub ua hauj lwm hom kev kawm.
Dab tsi yog qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm Nickel Alloys?
Nov yog qee qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv nickel alloys:
Corrosion Resistance:Nickel alloys muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo heev rau corrosion thiab oxidation, ua rau lawv xav tau nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig uas lwm cov ntaub ntawv yuav sai sai degrade.
Siab zog:Nickel alloys muaj lub zog tensile siab thiab tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias, ua rau lawv tsim nyog siv rau hauv cov khoom tseem ceeb thiab kev siv.
Soft Magnetic Properties:Qee cov nickel alloys muaj cov khoom sib nqus zoo heev, nrog kev coercivity tsawg. Qhov no txhais tau tias lawv tuaj yeem yooj yim magnetized thiab demagnetized.
Thaum tshav kub kub Resistance:Nickel alloys muaj qhov kub thiab txias heev. Lawv tuaj yeem tswj hwm lawv cov khoom ntawm qhov kub siab dua thiab tseem tiv thaiv kev hloov pauv mus rau lwm yam khoom siv vim tias tsis muaj thermal conductivity ntawm qee cov nickel alloys.
Tsawg Thermal Expansion:Qee cov nickel alloys muaj tus nqi qis heev ntawm thermal expansion. Cov yam ntxwv no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev siv precision qhov twg cov teebmeem thermal muaj feem cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo.
Kev sib xyaw ntawm Nickel Alloys
Koj qhov kev tshawb nrhiav rau hauv lub plawv ntawm engineering yuav tsis ua tiav yam tsis muaj kev dhia dej tob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm Nickel Alloys - qhov tseem ceeb heev uas muab lawv cov khoom zoo kawg li. Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm Nickel Alloys yog ib qho kev kawm loj nrog cov txheej rau tev. Yog li, cia peb delve rau hauv kev ua haujlwm sab hauv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv zoo nkauj no.
Raws li nyob rau hauv txhua daim ntawv qhia zoo, qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom kawg yog txiav txim siab los ntawm cov khoom xyaw uas koj siv. Ib yam li ntawd, cov khoom tshwj xeeb ntawm Nickel Alloys nyob ntawm tus kheej cov ntsiab lus tam sim no hauv lawv cov muaj pes tsawg leeg. Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg yog qhov tseem ceeb uas ua rau Nickel Alloys tawv, tiv taus thiab tseem ceeb hauv cov ntawv thov kev ntxhov siab. Qhov nyuaj thiab ntau haiv neeg ntawm cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ua rau Nickel Alloys muaj ntau yam, thiab lawv raug kho kom tau raws li cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb.
Nickel ua lub hauv paus tseem ceeb hauv tag nrho cov Nickel Alloys, thiab nws cov concentration sib txawv ntawm 30% thiab 100% nyob ntawm seb cov alloy tshwj xeeb.
Lwm cov khoom siv tsawg dua yog Hlau, Chromium, Copper, Molybdenum, Titanium, thiab Aluminium. Thaum cov khoom xyaw thib ob muaj nyob rau hauv ntau me dua li Nickel, lawv qhov cuam tshuam rau tag nrho cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov hlau yog qhov tseem ceeb. Yog li, qhov tseeb muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm Nickel Alloys nyob ntawm cov khoom tshwj xeeb xav tau rau daim ntawv thov.
Nov yog saib cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv Nickel Alloy Composition thiab lawv lub luag haujlwm:
Nickel:Cov khoom tseem ceeb uas txiav txim siab tag nrho cov khoom ntawm cov alloy.
Chromium:Txhim khu kev tiv thaiv oxidation thiab corrosion ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.
Hlau:Ua kom muaj zog tiv thaiv thermal expansion.
Tooj:Txhim kho corrosion kuj.
Molybdenum:Txhim kho lub zog ntawm qhov kub thiab txias thiab tiv thaiv kom nkag mus.
Titanium:Siv kom ruaj khov ntawm cov hlau thiab txhim kho nws lub zog.
Aluminium:Txhim kho oxidation tsis kam ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.
Yuav ua li cas Nickel Alloys siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam lag luam
Lub peev xwm ntawm Nickel Alloys los tiv thaiv cov xwm txheej hnyav tau ua rau lawv muaj txiaj ntsig thoob plaws ntau qhov haujlwm. Txhua qhov kev lag luam leverages cov khoom ntawm Nickel Alloys nyob rau hauv txawv txoj kev, tailoring txheej txheem alloying rau crafts alloys zoo kawg nkaus haum lawv cov kev xav tau.
Qee qhov kev lag luam uas Nickel Alloys tuav hauv av muaj zog xws li aerospace, zog, marine, electronics, thiab txawm tias kev lag luam ua noj. Hauv txhua qhov ntawm cov haujlwm no, ntau yam thiab txhim khu kev qha ntawm Nickel alloys tau qhab nia siab rau hauv cov npe ntawm cov khoom nyiam.
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm Nickel Alloys hauv Aerospace Engineering
Muab hais tias aerospace daim ntawv thov cuam tshuam nrog huab cua kub, siab siab, thiab corrosive tej yam kev mob, Nickel Alloys muaj peev xwm khaws lawv cov khoom siv kho tshuab raws li cov xwm txheej no ua rau lawv xaiv qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Lawv feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv cav, cov tail hooks, cov tshuab tso pa tawm, thiab txawm rau daim tawv nqaij ntawm lub dav hlau.
Cov Nickel Alloys ua tau zoo, zoo li Inconel, muaj cov oxidation zoo heev thiab nitriding tsis kam, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov khoom raug kub kub combustion gases. Lub caij no, lawv tsis kam mus nkag thiab tawg ntawm qhov kub siab pab lawv tswj lub siab ntawm qhov siab thiab ceev.
Lawv cov thermal shock kuj tseem ua kom ntseeg tau tias qhov kub thiab txias tam sim ntawd tsis cuam tshuam rau cov qauv kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov khoom. Ntxiv mus, Nickel Alloys kuj muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo heev rau kev ntxhov siab-corrosion tawg, ib qho ua rau tsis ua hauj lwm hauv aerospace Cheebtsam.
Nickel Alloys nyob rau hauv lub zog Sector
Hauv av, Nickel Alloys tsuas yog qhov tseem ceeb, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv lub ntiaj teb nthuav dav ntawm kev tsim hluav taws xob thiab kev sib kis.
Lub zog hluav taws xob cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm huab cua thiab cov ntaub ntawv muaj zog zoo li Nickel Alloys yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv cov teeb meem no. Lawv feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov khoom tsim hluav taws xob, cov roj turbines, cov tshuab hluav taws xob nuclear, thiab txawm nyob hauv cov thev naus laus zis tshiab.
Txawm hais tias nyob rau hauv qhov kev tshwm sim ntawm lub zog tauj dua tshiab, Nickel Alloys tab tom nrhiav kev siv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) cov nroj tsuag. Cov nroj tsuag no siv Nickel Alloys rau lawv cov kev xav tau siab thiab ua haujlwm rau lub hnub ci tseem ceeb ntawm cov teebmeem corrosive.
Nickel thiab npib tsib xee alloys yog cov hlau tsis muaj hlau nrog lub zog siab thiab tawv, zoo heev corrosion kuj, thiab superior elevated kub zog. Cov khoom sib txawv ntawm qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg, qib, cov duab, qhov ntev, thiab cov yam ntxwv. Kev lag luam ntshiab, tsis muaj alloyed, los yog tsawg heev alloy nickel tsis muaj los yog tsuas muaj me me ntawm alloying ntsiab.
Los ntawm qhov sib txawv, cov nickel alloys muaj cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom ntxiv lossis cov khoom sib xyaw. Clad los yog bimetal Tshuag muaj ob qhov sib txawv alloys uas yog sib koom ua ke ua ke. Hlau matrix composites muaj ib tug puas los yog ntxiv dag zog rau cov hlau los yog alloy matrix uas muaj ib tug thib ob tivthaiv, uas tej zaum yuav nyob rau hauv particulate, tws fiber, nruam filament, los yog ntaub ntawv. Lwm yam tsis muaj npe, tshwj xeeb lossis cov khoom siv nickel thiab nickel alloys kuj muaj. Cov ntaub ntawv no feem ntau ua raws li cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb alloy, siv cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm tshiab, lossis muaj cov khoom tsim nyog rau cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb.
Ntau cov nickel thiab npib tsib xee alloys ua tau raws li cov qauv kev sib koom ua ke ntawm Unified Numbering System (UNS), qhov tshwj xeeb tsim los ntawm American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), thiab cov koom haum ua lag luam hlau xws li Asmeskas Lub koom haum hlau thiab hlau (AISI).
UNS muab cov hlau thiab cov hlau ua cov ntawv sau ua ntej thiab tus lej tsib tus lej. Nickel thiab nickel alloys yog nyob rau hauv UNS N qeb thiab muaj cov npe xws li UNS N02200. Lwm cov qauv rau nickel thiab npib tsib xee alloys suav nrog qib casting, European Norm (EN), American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) cov qauv, thiab US tub rog specifications (MIL-SPEC). QQ thiab QQS ua ntej yog siv los xaiv MIL-SPEC cov hlau tshwj xeeb.
Xaiv cov nickel thiab aluminium alloys yuav tsum muaj kev tsom xam ntawm qhov ntev, txheej txheem ntau lawm, thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo. Sab nraud txoj kab uas hla (OD), puab txoj kab uas hla (ID), tag nrho ntev, thiab tag nrho thickness yog qhov tseem ceeb qhov ntev. Cov ntaub ntawv feem ntau yog cam khwb cia, wrought, extruded, forged, txias-tiav, kub dov, los yog tsim los ntawm compacting hmoov hlau los yog alloys. Kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov npib tsib xee thiab npib tsib xee alloys suav nrog kev tiv thaiv corrosion, tshav kub, thiab hnav.
Inconel Qib
Inconel, muaj zog nickel alloy, muaj nyob rau hauv cov hlau mesh, perforated hlau, nthuav hlau, thiab bar grating.
Inconel 600 muaj npe nrov rau nws qhov kub thiab txias thiab corrosion kuj.
Inconel 601 muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo rau kev kub siab oxidation.
Inconel 625 excels nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm nws qaug zog thiab kev nyuaj siab-corrosion cracking kuj.
Monel 400 Nickel Alloys
Monel 400 yog nickel-tooj liab alloy paub txog nws lub zog zoo tshaj plaws thiab zoo heev corrosion kuj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv marine thiab tshuaj ib puag ncig. Nrog rau qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm kwv yees li 67% npib tsib xee thiab 23% tooj liab, cov hlau no nthuav tawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv ntau yam, nrog rau cov dej ntsev, acidic thiab alkaline. Nws kuj muaj cov thermal conductivity siab thiab tuav nws lub zog txawm tias qhov kub thiab txias, ua rau nws muaj ntau yam khoom siv rau ntau yam lag luam xws li marine engineering, chemical processing, thiab roj & roj.
Nickel Alloys thiab Hlau Nickel Alloys
Nickel alloys yog siv ntau vim lawv cov kev tiv thaiv corrosion, siab kub, lub zog, thiab lawv cov khoom tshwj xeeb sib nqus thiab thermal expansion. Tsab ntawv xov xwm no yuav tshawb txog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hlau-nickel alloys siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam kev siv thiab ib txwm tshwm sim ntawm cov hlau-nickel alloys.
Dab tsi yog nyob rau hauv nickel-hlau alloys? Cov no yog ib pawg ntawm cov alloys uas feem ntau muaj hlau thiab npib tsib xee, nrog rau qee qhov ntxiv dag zog xws li chromium, cobalt, titanium, tooj liab, thiab molybdenum. Hlau thiab npib tsib xee yog cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau meteorites thiab cov cores hauv ntiaj chaw telluric.
Hauv cov hnub qub loj, hlau thiab npib tsib xee raug tsim tawm thaum lub sijhawm kawg ntawm stellar nucleosynthesis. Qhov no yog cov txheej txheem uas cov ntsiab lus tau tsim thaum lub sij hawm nuclear fusion. Cov hlau muaj kwv yees li 5% ntawm lub ntiaj teb lub pob zeb, qhov nickel muaj nyob ib ncig ntawm 0.0084%. Ob lub ntsiab lus tseem muaj nyob rau hauv me me hauv dej hiav txwv thiab cov kab mob lom.
Ntau qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov hlau nickel alloys tshwm sim vim muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm ob lub ntsiab lus. Feem ntau cov hlau npib tsib xee alloy piv txwv xws li cov hlau meteoric lossis telluric hlau. Cov no yog hom minerals thiab hu ua haiv neeg hlau. Qee cov alloys, xws li cov hlau meteoric, muaj ntau tshaj ib cov qauv crystalline.
Lub ntiaj teb no tseem ceeb reserves ntawm nickel thiab hlau. Lub koom haum Nickel kwv yees tias muaj nyob ib ncig ntawm 300 lab tons ntawm nickel reserves hauv ntiaj teb. Cov neeg tsim khoom loj nickel suav nrog Canada, Australia, Russia, thiab South Africa. Tshaj li 80% ntawm nickel rho tawm keeb kwm tau muab rho tawm hauv peb lub xyoo dhau los.
Lub US Geological Survey kwv yees tias thoob ntiaj teb cov hlau crude reserves nyob ib ncig ntawm 170 billion tonnes. Ntawm daim duab no, 81 billion tonnes ntawm extractable hlau tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev lag luam. Hlau kuj tseem tuaj yeem rov ua dua tshiab, nrog 50 lab metric tons tau rov qab los hauv Asmeskas xyoo 2019. 4-4.6 lab tonnes ntawm nickel-cov kabmob seem yog rov ua dua ib xyoos.
Lwm yam tshwm sim Alloys
Lwm cov hlau-nickel alloys muaj xws li taenite thiab tetratenite (ob qho tib si ib txwm hlau muaj nyob rau hauv meteorites), kamacite, antinaenite, thiab awaruite (uas yog ib haiv neeg intermetallic compound feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv meteorites thiab serpentine.)
Cov Hlau Stainless
- Feem ntau ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj steel muaj 8-10% npib tsib xee. Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, nws yog kev sib xyaw ntawm chromium nrog cov npib tsib xee uas ua haujlwm. Stainless hlau tseem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob vim tias lawv khaws lawv lub zog kom kub siab dua li cov qauv hlau.
- Cov hlau tsis zoo tshaj plaws yog qib 304 nrog 8% nickel thiab 18% chromium thiab hlau. Cov hlau no yog siv rau cov khoom siv xws li diav thiab diav rawg, saucepans thiab chav ua noj dab dej.
- Rau cov ntawv thov uas yuav tsum tau txhim kho corrosion kuj, xws li vov tsev hauv marine daim ntaub ntawv, hom 316 yog siv. Qhov no muaj txog tib tus nqi ntawm nickel thiab chromium li 304 tab sis nrog 3% molybdenum ntxiv.
Nickel tooj liab Alloys
- Cov alloys no qee zaum hu ua MONEL lossis NICORROS thiab muaj cov nickel nrog tooj liab thiab me me ntawm cov hlau thiab manganese. Ib tug raug alloy yog qib 400 (UNS N04400). Qhov no muaj 63% npib tsib xee yam tsawg kawg nkaus, 28-34% tooj liab, thiab ntau tshaj 2% manganese thiab 2.5% hlau. Kuj tseem muaj qee qhov me me ntawm impurities khaws cia ntawm qhov muaj nqis tsawg kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom siv hlau tsis raug mob.
- Cov alloys no yog siv qhov twg yuav tsum muaj lub zog ntau dua piv rau cov nickel ntshiab. Lawv muaj ntau qhov chaw nyob qhov twg lawv tiv thaiv corrosion tab sis nyob rau hauv qee qhov kev siv tshwj xeeb, xws li muaj zog alkali paug, npib tsib xee yuav zoo dua.
- Lawv pom daim ntawv thov dav hauv cov roj refining thiab marine daim ntawv thov uas yuav tsum muaj lub neej ntev corrosion-dawb. Vim tias lawv cov thermal conductivity zoo lawv nquag siv rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib txawv uas cov dej hiav txwv yog ib qho ntawm cov dej muaj kev txhawj xeeb.
Nickel Chromium Base Alloys
- Cov alloys no tau siv dav hauv cov ntawv thov uas yuav tsum tau ua kom sov thiab / lossis tiv thaiv corrosion. Hauv qee cov tswv cuab ntawm pab pawg, qhov twg cov kev xav tau tsawg dua, qee cov npib tsib xee tau hloov los ntawm cov hlau kom txo tus nqi tag nrho.
- Cov hlau tsis muaj qhov kub thiab txias los ntawm ob qho tib si oxidation (scaling) thiab los ntawm kev poob hauv lub zog. Alloys nyob rau hauv cov chav kawm no yog tsim los tiv thaiv tsis ua hauj lwm los ntawm ob qho tib si mechanisms. Nickel alloys tsis haum rau qhov kub siab sulfur nplua nuj ib puag ncig.
- Qhov twg muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion tseem ceeb, molybdenum yog siv los ua ib qho ntxiv alloying.
Peb lub Hoobkas
Nyob rau hauv Baoji, Shaanxi xeev, lub npe hu ua Tuam Tshoj lub Titanium Valley, Baoji West Titanium Materials Co., Ltd (West-Ti) tau tsim nyob rau hauv 2019 nrog ib tug sau npe peev ntawm 60 lab yuan. Lub tuam txhab tau koom ua ke nrog Baoji Hongyuan Titanium Industry Co., Ltd. thiab Baoji Overflow Industrial Co., Ltd, ob lub tuam txhab muaj ntau tshaj 20 xyoo ntawm kev paub hauv kev lag luam titanium. Xyoo 2019, kev sib koom ua ke tsim Baoji West Titanium Materials Co., Ltd kev lag luam npog kev ua thiab muag cov hlau tsis tshua muaj xws li titanium coil, phaj, bar, hlau, thiab titanium forging.
FAQ
Raws li ib qho ntawm cov kws tshaj lij nickel alloy tuam ntxhab thiab cov muag khoom hauv Suav teb, peb tau tshwj xeeb los ntawm cov khoom zoo thiab cov nqi sib tw. Txais tos kom yuav cov nickel alloy rau muag ntawm no thiab tau txais cov lus hais los ntawm peb lub hoobkas. Tiv tauj peb rau kev pabcuam customized.
